El estrés crónico es considerado un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónico degenerativas que son consideradas problemas de salud pública. Aunque la asociación entre estrés fisiológico y alteraciones metabólicas es comúnmente aceptada, los mecanismos de daño aún no han sido dilucidados y comprendidos. El modelo de estrés...
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic disorders, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms involved in the association between MS and cardiovascular disease due to increased free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG) and leptin...
Aging is a complex and inevitable biological phenomenon that is characterized by the lose of several biochemical, structural and physiological functions in the organisms throughout their lifespan. Harman´s aging theory suggests that this process is the result of the overall accumulated damage on cellular macromolecules generated by free radicals. Now...
The hepatic diseases occupy the fifth cause of death in our country, and a 50% are due to the chronic ethanol intake (EtOH) being a problem of public health. The EtOH is oxidized by different enzymatic systems, the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and catalase, this last one...
Excitotoxicity occurs in response to the overactivation of glutamate receptors. Excitotoxicity is involved in neurodegenerative diseases and in acute brain diseases, such as brain injury and stroke. Glutamatergic signaling during excitotoxicity initiates with the loss of Ca2+ homeostasis that promotes, among other events, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)...
Aging is characterized by the accumulation of damages in biomolecules during the organism lifespan. A large number of evidences suggest the existence of a physiological relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Huntington’s (HD), Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) diseases are among the most important ones. All of them are characterizaed...
The liver is exposed to a diversity of toxic agents that induce different responses depending on the dose. These responses can sometimes end with the demise of a large part of the liver cells. In order to counteract these damages, hepatic cells can respond in different ways. For example, hepatocytes,...
La respuesta del organismo ante un estresor se manifiesta mediante la activación del sistema simpático-adrenomedular y del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-adrenal, que se traduce en un aumento en la liberación de adrenalina y glucocorticoides. La exposición crónica a estos mediadores produce una respuesta que altera el metabolismo celular de lípidos, proteínas y...
Numerosos compuestos naturales que poseen propiedades quimiopreventivas o quimioprotectoras son de importancia vital en el manejo de patologías con un componente inflamatorio. Dichas propiedades suelen atribuirse a su actividad antioxidante o antiinflamatoria. La glicina posee actividad quimioprotectora debido a que reduce eficazmente los niveles séricos de citocinas proinflamatorias y aumenta...